Dwain Northey (Gen X)

The demographic composition of the United States Congress does not reflect the broader population of the country in terms of race, age, and income level. While the U.S. is increasingly diverse, Congress remains disproportionately white. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, over 40% of the American population identifies as non-white. However, as of 2025, about three-quarters of Congress is white, indicating an underrepresentation of Black, Latino, Asian American, Native American, and multiracial communities.

Age disparities are also evident. The median age in the U.S. is around 39 years, yet members of Congress tend to be significantly older. The average age in the Senate is over 60, and in the House, it is in the mid-50s. This older representation often means that the perspectives and needs of younger generations—such as those related to student debt, climate change, and technology—may not be adequately prioritized or understood in policymaking.

Income is another key area where Congress diverges from the general population. While the median U.S. household income is around $75,000, many members of Congress are millionaires, with significant assets and wealth far exceeding that of their constituents. This wealth gap can create a disconnect between lawmakers and the financial struggles of everyday Americans, potentially influencing policy decisions in ways that favor the affluent.

These demographic mismatches can undermine democratic representation and reduce public trust in government. While some progress has been made in recent election cycles toward greater diversity, Congress still falls short of mirroring the racial, generational, and economic realities of the population it is meant to represent. Addressing these disparities requires both systemic changes and efforts to support a broader range of candidates seeking office.